Soal TOEFL

Minggu, 04 Februari 2018

soal toefl



1.       If she borrows your coat, then you should  be able to borrow her.
Answer: her
It should be hers because it is a possessive adjective describing the understood noun “coat”.

2.       Neither Tom or  Jane  is  going  to the beach today.
Answer: or
it should be nor, because neither is followed by nor

3.       Daniel said that if he had to do  homework tonight, he wouldn’t have been  able to attend  the concert.
Answer: tonight
It should be last night because it is conditional sentence type 3

Percakapan tidak langsung

Gunman Kills at Least 59, Injures 527 in Las Vegas Shooting

LAS VEGAS — 
People are waiting on line for as long as eight hours in Las Vegas to donate blood to the victims of the worst mass shooting by a single gunman in recent U.S. history.
The shooter, identified as 64-year-old Stephen Paddock of Mesquite, Nevada, opened fire on a crowd of more than 22,000 attending a country music show Sunday night before killing himself as police closed in.
Paddock shot from a hotel room on the 32nd floor of the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino, located across the street from the outdoor concert.
Fifty-nine were killed and 527 wounded. In Las Vegas, VOA's Elizabeth Lee spoke with a taxi driver who dropped off a passenger minutes before the shooting began.
“I dropped a passenger at the Mandalay Bay (Resort and Casino) like 20 minutes before the shooting happened and I was thinking about getting in line at Mandalay Bay but changed my mind and went to the airport. I did hear, like an automatic gunshot from a distance, but I never thought it would be a gun shooting. (I am) shocked, very shocked,” said Las Vegas taxi driver Tamirat Shiferaw. (1)
Clark County, Nevada Sheriff Joe Lombardo says along with the 19 weapons found in the hotel room, 18 more guns, explosives, and thousands of rounds of ammunition were found in Paddock's home in Mesquite.
President Donald Trump led a moment of silence on the South Lawn of the White House, facing the Washington Monument, to remember the victims.
He ordered flags across the country to fly at half staff and will go to Las Vegas Wednesday to meet with first responders and console the victims and their families. The president has called the shooting an “act of pure evil.”
Along with gunshot wounds, others were trampled and hurt trying to climb over fences to get away.
Police and federal investigators still do not have a motive.
“We don't know what his belief system was at this time,” Lombardo said (2)
Islamic State is claiming responsibility, saying the gunman was one of its “soldiers” and converted to Islam months ago. The FBI says there is no evidence Paddock was tied to any international terror group.
Investigators say Paddock had a girlfriend, but believe she is in Tokyo and was not involved.
Paddock's brother, Eric, is just as baffled as police by his motive. He said the family is “horrified and bewildered.”
He said his brother was a wealthy man with no known political or religious affiliations, no ties with white supremacists and no history of mental illness.
“Where the hell did he get automatic weapons? He's a guy who lived in a house in Mesquite and drove down and gambled in Las Vegas,” Eric Paddock said. (3)
Eric Paddock also said their father was a bank robber who was at one time on the FBI's most wanted list. The FBI called him psychopathic and dangerous. But that the brothers had no contact with their father.
Addressing the nation, President Trump thanked Las Vegas police for their sacrifices and quick responses during the “terrible, terrible attack.”
“To the families of the victims we are praying for you and we are here for you and we ask God to help see you through this very dark period...in moments of tragedy and horror America comes together as one and it always has,” Trump said. (4)
White House spokeswoman Sarah Huckabee Sanders was on the verge of tears as she described some of the heroism of those who sacrificed their lives to save others as the bullets rained down.
One off-duty police officer was among those killed, and another two on duty officers were injured, Las Vegas police said in a statement.
As the situation at the Route 91 Harvest Festival concert unfolded, people sought safety in the many hotels that line the popular tourist district. The Las Vegas airport is also in the area, and flights there were temporarily halted.
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security has said that there is “no information to indicate a specific credible threat involving other public venues in the country,” but that additional security may be seen at events and public places.
Country star Jason Aldean was performing on stage at the time of the shooting. Hours later he described it as “horrific.”
“I still don't know what to say but wanted to let everyone know that me and my crew are safe. My thoughts and prayers go out to everyone involved tonight. It hurts my heart that this would happen to anyone who was just coming out to enjoy what should have been a fun night,” he said on Instagram. (5)
U.S. Senator Dean Heller, who represents Nevada, called the shooting a “senseless, horrifying act of violence,” while Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval described it as “tragic and heinous.”
British Prime Minister Theresa May also expressed support, saying Britain's thoughts were with the victims and emergency personnel.
Kelompok:
Alvenia dwi mutia
Annisa hitopa
Indah yuanitasari
Ratu salsadhila
Suheski fajrin

Exercise 4


EXERCISE 4

1.      Zoos in New Orleans, San Diego, Detroit, and the Bronx have become biological

A

parks where animals roams free and people watch from across a moat.

B                           C                                 D


Answer: C 

Explanation: The subject is plural (animals) so the verb must be roam (verb agreement) 


2.      George has not completed the assignment yet,  and Maria hasn’t neither

A                                 B             C                             D
            

Answer: D
Explanation: It should be hasn’t either, not neither

3.      Hanny enjoyed to be able to meet several Congress members during her vacation.

          A           B               C                                                        D


Answer: A 

Explanation: The verb enjoyed is followed by gerund, so it should be being able to…


4.      No one would have attended the lecture if you told the truth about

      A                                       B         C

the guest speaker.

                  D

Answer: B 

Explanation: This is conditional sentence type 3, so it should be had told


5.      Marie has registered for both the afternoon anthropology class as well as

             A                                                                                      B

the evening sociology lecture.

C               D


Answer: B 

Explanation: Both must be followed by and, this is parallel conjunction 


6.      Compact discs are affected neither by scratching and by dust.

       A       B                   C                    D

Answer: D
Explanation: Neither followed by nor, this is parallel conjunction 


7.      Plastics used to make textiles can be drawn into fine threads, then woven or knit

    A                         B                     C          D

into fabrics.


Answer: C 

Explanation: It should be weave not woven because this is parallel structure


8.      Henry David Thoreau stressed the importance in individuality and of living

       A                                                  B

in harmony with nature.

         C                  D


Answer: B 

Explanation: It must be living in harmony not of living in harmony 


9.      The coach was depending for his team to win the game so that they would have a

    A                             B                       C

chance to play in the Super Bowl.

          D

Answer: A 

Explanation: Depending followed by on not for, it must be depending on 


10.  According to Freud, mental life is characterized by internal conflicts who are largely

            A                                                         B                                             C               D

unconscious.


Answer: C 

Explanation: who is for human, so it should be that/which

Kelompok: Anisa Hitopa
                   Alvenia
                   Indah Yuanitasari
                   Ratu Salsabilah
                   Suheski Fajrin

Komunikasi Bisnis Tugas 2

Selasa, 11 April 2017

·      Delaying decision

Delay is a tactic of slowing down a decision-making process in order to maintain the status quo. It is employed mainly by parties involved in difficult public policy disputes (though it can be used in other contexts) who do not want changes made. If a group is part of the decision-making process but does not want change, the slower the process, the better. If they do not have a say in the design of the process, then they can deliberately delay it by stalling on their involvement.[1]
Strategic delays are often used by disputants who do not have the power to win directly in court or through legislative action.[2] Rather than waste their resources on a fight they cannot win, some use delaying tactics to frustrate their opponent. For example, a city government was considering the approval of a new industrial plant. Residents of the neighborhood near the proposed site were opposed to the idea, but they didn't have the political clout to stop it. So they decided to delay the decision-making process, by asking for a variety of site assessments, insisting on a long string of public meetings, and bringing a lawsuit which they knew they couldn't win, but it delayed the process even further. Their goal was to delay the decision long enough that the company would get frustrated and give up. At the same time, they also hoped to gain enough community support that local decision makers would decide to refuse the necessary permits for political reasons if the company pursued its quest.



·      How to Ending a Meeting

1. Don't let it drag on

Productivity cannot begin and goals cannot be met sitting in a meeting! Set your timer for a few minutes (10 is good) prior to the meeting's scheduled end. Once that timer goes off, summarize the outcome of the meeting with the time remaining. Are there still people anxious to share their views? Encourage those individuals to send you an email with their ideas so you can place them on the agenda for the next meeting or get back to them in person. Most important, end the meeting on time--don't let it go on longer than necessary.

2. Keep it positive

At the end of each meeting, highlight the positive contributions your team has made. This is your "make everyone feel good" moment--make sure everyone leaves feeling good about something he or she accomplished or contributed to the meeting or the company as a whole. Let everyone know how incredibly successful you felt the meeting was even if it means highlighting the one good thing that came out of it.

3. Be nice--like you mean it!

We know most meetings end with head nods, handshakes, and other bland niceties. Why not end the meeting with a sincere "thank you for coming," a sincere handshake with eye contact, or lighthearted conversation about anything but work or the company's future?

4. Neutralize a touchy meeting

Is your meeting going to end with hurt feelings? Sometimes, for change to occur, things have to be said in meetings that may rub some the wrong way. Or conversations get heated when the blame game begins. If you have a meeting that goes south and feelings get hurt, end the meeting by acknowledging what is and isn't working and, most important, acknowledge the hurt feelings of members of your team before going on to next steps.

5. Redirect a pointless meeting

We have all been in that meeting where, halfway through, you're finding it extremely hard to find any semblance of the original intent. There is a lot of pointless conversation, daydreaming, and fidgeting going on. Because you don't want this gathering of your team to be a total waste of time, end the current conversation as quickly (but sensitively) as possible, and then ask your team members to take a couple of minutes to think about those pressing things they would like to discuss further. Jot down their ideas for the next meeting's agenda, or make plans to meet with them one-on-one after the meeting, and then move on.

6. Open up the meeting

So often meetings are dominated by a few. Save 5 to 10 minutes at the end of each meeting to give all team members an opportunity to add a comment and have their say without interruptions--this is their time to speak. This will make them feel heard and could possibly open some eyes, and the door, to new possibilities as the meeting comes to an end.

7. End it with action!

Toward the end of your meeting, briefly list the action steps that need to take place to move the company or your team forward. Remind everyone where the company is headed--the big picture. End it with a genuine smile and enthusiasm for the future.



·      How to Attract Client

1. Identify Your Ideal Client

It’s easier to look for customers if you know the type of consumers you seek. Without a composite of your ideal customer, you probably wouldn’t know where to start looking.

“Have a crystal clear picture in your head of exactly who you're targeting,” says OPEN Forum community member Nicole Beckett, president of Premier Content Source. “Think about what makes those types of people happy, sad, scared, relieved, and then think about how you can make their lives a little easier.”

Narrow down the focus of your ideal client and avoid making broad target market statements, such as every woman, every man or all baby boomers. Few products appeal to that vast of a group of people, and overstating your market will prevent you from developing viable targeted strategies for attracting clients.

2. Discover Where Your Customer Lives

With your targeted customers in mind, “identify those places where they are likely to be found (media, online, offline, mail, etc.), and then create messages for them,” says Jeff Motter, CEO and chief marketing officer of East Bay Marketing Group.

Where you look for customers will depend on the nature of your business. Some good online locations include forums and social media pages, including your own and those of similar or complementary businesses. Offline, you can meet plenty of potential customers at conferences and conventions in your industry.

3. Know Your Business Inside and Out

Thoroughly understanding your industry and having a firm knowledge of your product or service is critical to being able to attract interested clients. When you know your product backward and forward, that fact comes through. The people who would be interested in your offerings can see how knowledgeable you are and will seek your assistance.

4. Position Yourself as the Answer

Give potential clients you come into contact with a good reason to try your services, which is your first step to making them loyal customers, suggests Jason Reis owner and lead programmer for Flehx Corp.

“Provide value and establish yourself as having an in-depth understanding of the problems they are looking to solve,” he says. “This takes the form of creating content via webinars, blog posts, guest blogging, and getting out there and physically networking with people. From all this you will start to attract a following, and as long as you have a structured sales funnel setup, you will be able to convert the followers/fans into paying customers.”

5. Try Direct Response Marketing

Your best bet for reaching out and touching customers is to use tactics to encourage them to complete a specific action, such as opt into your email list or request more information.

Create messages directed at your target market, suggests Motter. “Learn to create ads that attract your ideal clients by giving them something of value for free to get them started in your funnel. Learn all you can about direct response marketing practices, because they will teach you to focus on results that matter. Create compelling messages that tell your ideal audience why they'd have to be a fool not to work with you. Show them you understand their pain, and can make it go away faster and cheaper than they could without you.”

6. Build Partnerships

Teaming up with businesses that offer complementary services offers you the opportunity to take advantage of synergy, which can be very effective in building a business. For instance, if you have a company that specializes in SEO, consider teaming up with a business that builds websites.

When all is said and done, nurturing relationships, either with other business owners or customers, helps you create a client base, Beckett suggests. “Focus on building human relationships. The stronger your relationships are, the more likely your customers will be to tell their friends about you. And, the more likely they'll be to come back.”

7. Follow Up

After your efforts to bring in business, always remember to close the loop, suggests Josh Sprague, CEO of Orange Mud. “Remember to set follow up tasks (follow up to sample sent, etc.), and execute your plan. So many leads and great conversations are wasted because you forget to follow up.” Doing this simple step is sure to get your client base to grow.



Selasa, 14 Maret 2017

Apology Letter

Dear Suheski Fajrin
Please accept our sincere apologies for the inconvenience you may have experienced in respect to our late delivery.

At SF Company, we take pride in ensuring our customer’s satisfaction. Unfortunately, we did not meet your—or our own—expectations. Upon thorough review of the situation, we narrowed the cause to the storm that happened on the delivery day.

As a testament to our strive for perfection, we have taken steps to ensure that this will never happen again

Because of this serious oversight, we are going to provide you with 2 free items from our company
We deeply value your relationship with SF Company and are committed to providing you with the highest level of service simply because our customers deserve the very best. If you have any further questions or comments regarding this matter, please feel free to discuss it with us at Sfcompany@mail.com


Yours in service,
Giandra Michael


Confirmation Letter

Nathan
Happy Tree inc
Jakarta, Indonesia

Dear Nathan,
We would just like to confirm the agreement made during a phone conversation on Friday, November 15th.
As per our conversation, our company, Natural Inc, agrees to deliver a 5-ton amount of Green Grass pesticide to your location in Jakarta every week for the duration of 7 months. Upon completion of this task, we will receive the sum of $5 million dollars. If we fail to meet our obligations, all terms of the contract will be terminated and we will receive no compensation for our work.
Please respond to verify that all the above information is correct and to confirm your obligation in this agreement.

Sincerely
Suheski Fajrin


Selasa, 07 Maret 2017

Businesses Communications 

•Sharing an information between people within the enterprise that performed for the commercial benefit of organizations/company 
•How a company shares information to promote its product/service to potential consumers 

Element:
1. Sender/Encoder
2. Receiver
3. Messages 
4. Channel/medium


Buildness for effective communication 


Clarity of purpose 

Clarity of purpose is vital for the achievement of success and for making dreams come true. 
Your dream or goal must be specific and clear, and should not be vague. 
While it’s fun to daydream about being rich and successful, you have to know and define clearly what you want to get or to achieve. 
Clarity of purpose is important for every kind of success, for losing weight, getting a new car or travelling abroad. If you don’t know exactly what you want, how can you get it?
When there is clarity of purpose you know what steps to take. 
With clarity of purpose you focus on the goal, without wasting time or energy. Clarity of purpose is like focusing a strong source of light on your goal, so that you see it clearly.
Shared activity (feedback)
Process in which the effect or output of an actionis 'returned' (fed-back) to modify the next action. Feedback is essential to the working and survival of all regulatory mechanisms found throughout living and non-living nature, and in man-made systems such as education system and economy. As a two-way flow, feedback is inherent to all interactions, whether human-to-human, human-to-machine, or machine-to-machine. In an organizational context, feedback is the information sent to an entity (individual or a group) about its prior behavior so that the entity may adjust its current and future behavior to achieve the desired result.
Common set of symbols 
Symbols saves time and space when writing. Here are the most common set symbols
       The set is {1,2,3,...} or {0,1,2,3,...}
Focus on the need of the receivers 
you have to focus on the thing that is being discussed in your business communication. because if you talk too much things, your partner will be confuseed and dont know what is the real purpose of the communication
Active Listening 
Active listening is a communication technique used in counseling, training, and conflict resolution. It requires that the listener fully concentrate, understand, respond and then remember what is being said.
Politeness 
Politeness is the practical application of good manners or etiquette. It is a culturally defined phenomenon, and therefore what is considered polite in one culture can sometimes be quite rude or simply eccentric in another cultural context.
Socio-psychological aspect 
Social psychology is the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. In this definition, scientific refers to the empirical method of investigation. The terms thoughts, feelings, and behaviors include all psychological variables that are measurable in a human being. The statement that others' presence may be imagined or implied suggests that we are prone to social influence even when no other people are present, such as when watching television, or following internalized cultural norms. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the interaction of mental states and immediate social situations.

QUESTION:
1. what do you mean by "effective communication". how does the knowlege process help us in communicating effectively?
Effective communication is a key interpersonal skill and learning how we can improve our communication has many benefits. Communication is a two way process, so improving communication involves both how we send and receive messages.
2. What is major mistake in communication?
Racially Biased Comments  Of executives surveyed, 72% said racially biased comments are a major blunder for men and 70% said the same for women. This is the top offense for good reason. These remarks easily offend or insult, reflect poor judgment and reveal low emotional intelligence, according to the researchers.
3. Why is desirable to avoid the use of jargon in business communication?
When writing business documents, it is recommended that authors avoid using technical jargon for the sake of looking smart. Instead, they should use it only when necessary with appropriate audiences who understand their significance. Using simple verbiage instead ensures understanding by a broad spectrum of users.